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William Caxton (born sometime around 1422 – died sometime around 1491) revolutionised printing in England, being the first person to introduce a printing press into the country in 1476. He is credited with standardising the English language through his printed works. Born in Kent, he moved to Bruges, where he became a successful merchant and was later appointed as a diplomat for the English court. Caxton’s interest in printing likely began during his time in Cologne, Germany, where he learned about the new technology. Upon returning to Bruges, he translated and printed The Recuyell of the Historyes of Troye, the first book ever printed in English, in 1473 or 1474. He then moved back to England, setting up the first English printing press in Westminster. Overnight the printing press revolutionised book production, making books more affordable and accessible. Before this, books were copied by hand, a time-consuming process. He printed works in English and Latin, including Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales, and his press helped popularise English literature. Caxton is also known for his impact on the English language. His choice of words and spelling had a lasting influence, helping to stabilise the language at a time when regional dialects were diverse. Despite facing competition from other printers, his business flourished, and he produced over 100 different titles during his career. These included translations of classical texts, religious works, and contemporary English literature. Like many roads in the Poets Area of South Wimbledon it is named after prominent figures in English literature. He stands out because all the others are famous authors and poets. Until this road was developed sometime around 1900 it formed part of Cowdrey Farm.
