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Robert Taylor Pritchett (February 24, 1828 – June 16, 1907) was an artist, inventor, traveller, writer and gunmaker who, with William Metford developed the Enfield Pattern 1853 rifle-musket (also known as the Pattern 1853 Enfield, P53 Enfield, and Enfield rifle-musket) which was made at the former Royal Small Arms factory, Enfield and used by the British Empire from 1853 to 1867. It was also used in many other conflicts around the globe, including the American Civil War, Crimean War, Indian Rebellion and the New Zealand Land Wars.